Potatoes are believed to have originated in the area of present-day
Peru and were first cultivated around 7,000–10,000 years ago. From there, the
hardy spud worked its way up through the Americas and across the Atlantic to
Europe, where it was slow to be accepted by farmers at first, but eventually
was embraced wholeheartedly. Potato recipes appear in nearly every cultural
cuisine around the world.
Since they were first intentionally grown, potatoes have
diverged considerably. According to various sources there are nearly 4,000
varieties of potatoes in cultivation around the world. These types are
generally grouped based on common characteristics, such as skin type, skin
color, and texture.
With proper storage, potatoes can last a surprisingly long
time, though they often get wrinkly after a while. Optimum conditions are around
50° Fahrenheit and 90 percent
humidity. Due to this later element, one of the bigger concerns to watch out
for in potato storage is mold. Also, don't store potatoes with onions, as this
combination can encourage the potatoes to sprout.
Raw or green potatoes should be avoided due to the presence
of the toxic compound glycoalkaloid. In higher concentrations it's known to
cause headaches, diarrhea, and cramps, and in severe cases it can even cause coma
and death.
Back in June of 2021, I shared a recipe for the potato-based
Italian delicacy gnocchi. About a month later, I talked about pierogi. These are
just two of the multitude of potato recipes that fill several cookbooks, such as this one or this one. Alongside rice, potatoes are one of the most versatile staples in world cuisine.
Potatoes are available fresh (of course) as well as in more
shelf stable forms, such as dried flakes, powdered, and canned.
In addition to being eaten, potatoes are used for many other
purposes, such as:
- Alcoholic beverages (vodka, poitÃn, akvavit, and even some beers)
- Livestock fodder
- Manufacturing of papers and boards
- Adhesives in textiles
- Plant research (due to their genetic consistency)
There are even potato delivery services, including Potato Parcel and Mail A Spud. So whether you boil them, mash them, or put them in a stew, there are many ways to enjoy potatoes.
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